Ethan Marks

Volumetric Shadows in Toronto

ยท 3 min read

A photo of the CN Tower in Toronto, taken in early morning, where the tower casts a visible volumetric shadow in the air itself

Early in the morning, from certain viewpoints, the CN Tower in Toronto casts a volumetric shadow in the air.

The photo above was taken by me on May 24, 2024, at 9:26 AM, standing in this location, just to the north of the Rogers Center. It is one of my favorite photos.

Volumetric Light and Shadow

A spotlight shining in the dark through a cloud of mist, casting a volumetric light in the mist

To understand what causes volumetric shadows, consult the photo above. It’s the same thing, but exactly the opposite.

Normally, the only visible part of a spotlight is the spot where the beam hits a surface. However, if there are particles in the air (like the mist in the photo), the light from the spotlights scatters off of the particles, making the beam visible. This effect is called volumetric lighting, and it only occurs when the air is filled with particles to scatter the light.

Volumetric shadows occur under the same conditions as volumetric light, but when an object (like a 553 meter tall concrete spire) occludes the path of the light source. Because the rest of the air is volumetrically lit, the space that isn’t appears to be in shade.

Beams of volumetric light over a lake

When the light source is the sun, a volumetric light is called a crepuscular ray: a form of natural volumetric lighting. Crepuscular rays are awesome. They look like shafts of light emanating from the sky; there’s a reason they’re colloquially referred to as “God rays”.

Crepuscular rays only occur when the sun is at an oblique angle (dawn or dusk) and the air contains particulate matter. The particulate matter in my CN tower photo was almost certainly air pollution. Toronto has remarkably clean air for a city of 3 million people (Toronto has an AQI of only 23), but it still evidently has enough airborne particles to cause their giant tower to cast a volumetric shadow.

Conclusion

10 years ago, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation published a story about a very similar photo of the CN Tower casting a volumetric shadow. The article is 136 words in total, makes multiple inexplicable Star Trek references, doesn’t offer any kind of explanation as to why the shadow was volumetric, misuses the word “exude”, and mostly focuses on debunking the claim that the CN Tower is secretly a giant shadow flashlight.

The comments on the article seem to share my disdain:

“The fact that a cbc reporter was perplexed by something that a 10 year old learns says a lot about the capabilities of people working there. Will tomorrow’s article highlight the strange mysteries of water falling from the sky?”

“if people need a scientific explanation as to how it occurred then maybe they need to go back to grade 6 science.”

“durrrr. Thanks, CBC.”

Based entirely on the fact that over half of the comments on the CBC’s article are deriding their competency, whereas this blog post has zero such comments (which may or may not be influenced by the fact that I haven’t implemented a comment system), I’m forced to conclude that I’m better at writing articles than the CBC.

If the CBC would like to fire its entire editorial staff and replace them with me, I would be amenable to that.

~Ethan